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{"id":6568,"date":"2023-03-24T15:14:49","date_gmt":"2023-03-24T12:14:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ilem.org.tr\/?p=6568"},"modified":"2023-03-24T15:24:39","modified_gmt":"2023-03-24T12:24:39","slug":"dil-soz-ve-fesahat-uzerine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/blog.ilem.org.tr\/dil-soz-ve-fesahat-uzerine\/","title":{"rendered":"Dil, S\u00f6z ve Fesahat \u00dczerine"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Yazar: Arife Do\u011fan<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slam bilim tarihi ve \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce gelenekleri Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n do\u011fru anla\u015f\u0131lma, aktar\u0131lma ve ilahi mesajlar\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irilme fikri etraf\u0131nda \u015fekillenmi\u015f ve geni\u015fletilmi\u015ftir. Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 anlama noktas\u0131nda ba\u015flayan dil \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ilk evrelerinde nahiv gelene\u011fi \u00fczerinden c\u00fcmle yap\u0131lar\u0131, gramatik kurallar, sesbilim gibi alanlarla \u0130slam bilim ser\u00fcvenine giri\u015f yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n getirmi\u015f oldu\u011fu bilgiler sistematik bir yap\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck\u00e7e kelam, mant\u0131k, f\u0131k\u0131h ve belagat gibi dille dolayl\u0131 olarak ba\u011flant\u0131 kuran dallar ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ilim dallar\u0131nda dille ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 konular \u00fczerine ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n dil felsefesi alan\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na sebebiyet verdi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu noktada ise dili merkeze alarak teori olu\u015fturan Abd\u00fclk\u00e2hir el- C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee alan\u0131n kurucusu olarak literat\u00fcrde yerini almaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu zaman\u0131n ihtiyac\u0131na binaen \u00f6zg\u00fcn eserler veren bu d\u00e2h\u00ee \u00e2limin ortaya koydu\u011fu teoriyi bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak sunan, \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin son d\u00f6nemlerinde \u00f6rt\u00fck kalm\u0131\u015f dil felsefesi alan\u0131ndaki bo\u015flu\u011fu dolduran Dil, S\u00f6z ve Fesahat<\/em> adl\u0131 eser yaz\u0131nda yerini almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Dil S\u00f6z ve Fesahat <\/em>Abd\u00fclk\u00e2hir el-C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee<\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Dil S\u00f6z ve Fesahat <\/em>Abd\u00fclk\u00e2hir el-C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin S\u00f6zdizimi Nazariyesi<\/em> adl\u0131 eser M. Taha Boyal\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Temel ilgi alanlar\u0131 tefsir, belagat, dilbilim, dil felsefesi ve m\u00fcteahhir d\u00f6nem \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi olan yazar\u0131n bahsi ge\u00e7en alanlarda makale ve kitap \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Eserin temelleri yazar\u0131n 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cAbd\u00fclk\u00e2hir el-C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin S\u00f6zdizimi Nazariyesi ve Tefsir Gelene\u011fine Etkisi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 doktora tezine dayanmaktad\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6zdizimi nazariyesinin tefsire etkileri \u00fczerinden dar bir \u00e7er\u00e7evede ele al\u0131rken bu eserde yazar s\u00f6zdizimi teorisinin geli\u015fmesine kaynakl\u0131k eden tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya dahil ederek konuyu geni\u015fletmi\u015ftir. Eser, giri\u015f, iki b\u00f6l\u00fcm ve sonucun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6ns\u00f6z, dizin, kaynaklar ve eklerden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Giri\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131nda yer verilen C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin hayat hikayesi m\u00fcellifin ortaya koydu\u011fu teorilerin ve ilmi geli\u015fmelerin temelini olu\u015fturmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olurken kitab\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerine de \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmaktad\u0131r. C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee ilmi ser\u00fcveninin ilk d\u00f6nemlerinde sesbilim, bi\u00e7imbirim ve c\u00fcmle yap\u0131s\u0131 gibi alanlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sunmaktad\u0131r ki Boyal\u0131k eserin ilk b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan s\u00f6z etmektedir. \u0130lmi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ikinci d\u00f6neminde Mu\u2019tezile propagandalar\u0131na sessiz kalmayan C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee dilbiliminden kopmadan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc edebi ele\u015ftiri, belagat ve dil felsefesi alanlar\u0131na y\u00f6neltmi\u015ftir. C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde var olan tart\u0131\u015fmalar onu dilbilim alan\u0131nda mevcut ihtilaflara cevap niteli\u011finde \u00f6zg\u00fcn eserler veren konumundan kurucu rol oynayan eserlerin m\u00fcellifi konumuna ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yazar\u0131 s\u00f6zdizimi nazariyesinin kuruculu\u011funa ta\u015f\u0131yan tart\u0131\u015fmalar ilk olarak nahivciler ve mant\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar aras\u0131nda c\u00fcmle yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n esas\u0131 \u00fczerine, ikinci olarak ise Mu\u2019tezile ve E\u015f\u2019ari aras\u0131nda s\u00f6z\u00fcn hakikati \u00fczerine ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde var olan tart\u0131\u015fmalar onu dilbilim alan\u0131nda mevcut ihtilaflara cevap niteli\u011finde \u00f6zg\u00fcn eserler veren konumundan kurucu rol oynayan eserlerin m\u00fcellifi konumuna ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/a><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

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Do\u00e7. Dr. Mehmet Taha Boyal\u0131k<\/sub><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Tart\u0131\u015fmalar sonucunda C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin ortaya koydu\u011fu ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n en \u00f6nemli kavram\u0131 olan s\u00f6zdizimi nazariyesi, k\u0131saca, kelimelerin bir araya getirilmesidir. Fakat bu dizilimde mant\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar ile yap\u0131lan tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n neticesinde C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin \u00fczerinde durdu\u011fu ve s\u00f6zdizimi teorisinin en m\u00fchim kavramlar\u0131ndan biri olan \u201cnahvin anlamlar\u0131\u201d (meani\u2019n-nahv) kavram\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmal\u0131d\u0131r. C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin bahsetti\u011fi dizilim anlamdan, zihin ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceden uzak laf\u0131zlar\u0131n bir araya getirilmesi de\u011fildir. Bilakis gramatik anlamlar dil, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce gibi pek \u00e7ok unsuru bir arada bulundurarak \u00e7ok boyutlu zihin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na sebep olmaktad\u0131r. Bu durum dili salt gramatik kurallardan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131p bir\u00e7ok bilimin temelinde yer alan, kelam, mant\u0131k, felsefe gibi bilimlerle k\u00f6pr\u00fc olu\u015fturabilen derin boyuta ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee beslendi\u011fi tart\u0131\u015fmalar ve farkl\u0131 bilim alanlar\u0131 sayesinde ortaya koydu\u011fu s\u00f6zdizim teorisi vas\u0131tas\u0131yla \u0130slam bilim tarihinde dil felsefesinin temelini atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Del\u00e2\u2019il\u00fc\u2019l-\u0130\u2018c\u00e2z – Abd\u00fclk\u00e2hir el-C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee<\/sub><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019niyi s\u00f6zdizimi teorisine ta\u015f\u0131yan ve ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlayan mevcut tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra i\u2019caz mektebinin katk\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Mevcut tart\u0131\u015fmalara farkl\u0131 bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla cevap sunan ve yeni teorilerin \u00fcretilmesine vesile olan C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee Kur\u2019an<\/em>\u2019\u0131n i\u2019caz\u0131 meselesinden yola \u00e7\u0131karak \u201cbelagat\u201d, \u201ci\u2019caz\u201d ve \u201cfesahat\u201d kavramlar\u0131ndan s\u00f6zdizimi teorisine ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Edebiyat ve \u015fiirin zirvede oldu\u011fu cahiliye d\u00f6neminde nazil olan Kur\u2019an<\/em>\u2019\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn edebi \u00fcslubuna kar\u015f\u0131 Araplar\u0131n meydan okumas\u0131 cevaps\u0131z kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu durum d\u00f6nem \u00e2limlerini i\u2019caz meselesi \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nlendirmi\u015ftir. Konu \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015fan \u00e2limlerin i\u00e7erisinde yer alan C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee konuya dair kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Del\u00e2\u2019il\u00fc\u2019l-\u0130\u2018c\u00e2z<\/em> adl\u0131 eserinde nihai olarak fesahat kavram\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin bahsetti\u011fi dizilim anlamdan, zihin ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceden uzak laf\u0131zlar\u0131n bir araya getirilmesi de\u011fildir. Bilakis gramatik anlamlar dil, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce gibi pek \u00e7ok unsuru bir arada bulundurarak \u00e7ok boyutlu zihin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na sebep olmaktad\u0131r.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

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\u0130LEM’de 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda kitap \u00fczerine ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen konferans<\/sub><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Boyal\u0131k, Dil S\u00f6z ve Fesahat<\/em>\u2019in ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde yer alan \u201cEdebi A\u00e7\u0131dan S\u00f6zdizimi Nazariyesi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin hangi fikirlerden yola \u00e7\u0131karak fesahate ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u00f6zdizimi teorisini dayand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 delilleri kapsaml\u0131 ve ilgi \u00e7ekici bir \u015fekilde ele almaktad\u0131r. Fesahat ve belagat kavramlar\u0131n\u0131n sesin d\u00fczg\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131, ak\u0131c\u0131 konu\u015fma ve i\u2019rab hatas\u0131ndan hali bir hitabet olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin ele\u015ftirdi\u011fi ve onu dizim kavram\u0131na ula\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee s\u00f6zlerin se\u00e7kinlik kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 kelimelerin s\u00f6zl\u00fck anlamlar\u0131yla de\u011fil gramer ger\u00e7e\u011fini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak c\u00fcmle i\u00e7erisindeki dizilimine dayand\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. M\u00fcellifin bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 laf\u0131z ve anlam ikilisi aras\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan fesahat kavram\u0131n\u0131 \u201cnahvin anlamlar\u0131\u201d, ve \u201cs\u00f6zdizimi\u201d mefhumlar\u0131yla geni\u015f bir \u00e7er\u00e7eveye ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 ilimlerden beslenerek ortaya koydu\u011fu bu yakla\u015f\u0131m ilerleyen zamanlarda belagat ve tefsir ilminin yolculu\u011funu etkilemi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Zemah\u015feri (1075-1144)<\/sub><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

S\u00f6zdizimi teorisi Zemah\u015feri taraf\u0131ndan Kur\u2019an tefsirinde sistematik olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dil, S\u00f6z ve Fesahat<\/em> C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin gerek etkiledi\u011fi gerekse etkilendi\u011fi alanlar \u00fczerinden dilbilimin etkile\u015fim i\u00e7erisinde oldu\u011fu geni\u015f ilmi alan\u0131 okuyucuya sunmaktad\u0131r. Bu sunum g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde sadece dilin gramatik k\u0131sm\u0131na odaklan\u0131lmas\u0131 sebebiyle \u00f6rt\u00fck kalan klasik dil bilimleri alanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve dil felsefesi alan\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na sebebiyet vermektedir. Bu noktadan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Boyal\u0131k\u2019\u0131n eserinin dilbiliminin sarf ve nahiv \u00f6\u011fretiminin \u00fcst\u00fcnde k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir yap\u0131ya sahip oldu\u011funu, dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilim dallar\u0131n\u0131, dil \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve kurulan teorileri ele almas\u0131 sebebiyle k\u0131ymeti katlanarak artmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>M\u00fcellifin bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 laf\u0131z ve anlam ikilisi aras\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan fesahat kavram\u0131n\u0131 \u201cnahvin anlamlar\u0131\u201d, ve \u201cs\u00f6zdizimi\u201d mefhumlar\u0131yla geni\u015f bir \u00e7er\u00e7eveye ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 ilimlerden beslenerek ortaya koydu\u011fu bu yakla\u015f\u0131m ilerleyen zamanlarda belagat ve tefsir ilminin yolculu\u011funu etkilemi\u015ftir. <\/em><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Ayn\u0131 zamanda eser dilbilimi \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapm\u0131\u015f pek \u00e7ok alime ve teorilerine yer vermesi, alimlerin tart\u0131\u015fmalar esnas\u0131nda yar\u0131m kalan noktalar\u0131 birle\u015ftirerek k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir alandan dilbilimini b\u00fcy\u00fck bir deryaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmelerini ele almas\u0131 sebebiyle alana ilgi duyanlar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir kaynak olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Alana dair kavramlar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 farkl\u0131 alanlardan ki\u015filerin eseri okumas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 Dil felsefesinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7mas\u0131 ve literat\u00fcrde \u00e7ok \u00f6rne\u011fi bulunmayan eser olmas\u0131 sebebiyle yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck edecek ve pek \u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131na sebep olacak k\u0131ymetli bir eser oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Arife Do\u011fan<\/strong><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcmraniye Anadolu \u0130mam Hatip Lisesinden mezun olmu\u015ftur. Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vak\u0131f \u00dcniversitesi Arap\u00e7a \u00d6\u011fretmenli\u011fi 3.s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frencisidir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u0130LEM’de 1.kademe \u00f6\u011frencisidir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dil S\u00f6z ve Fesahat Abd\u00fclk\u00e2hir el-C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin S\u00f6zdizimi Nazariyesi adl\u0131 eser M. Taha Boyal\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Temel ilgi alanlar\u0131 tefsir, belagat, dilbilim, dil felsefesi ve m\u00fcteahhir d\u00f6nem \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi olan yazar\u0131n bahsi ge\u00e7en alanlarda makale ve kitap \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Eserin temelleri yazar\u0131n 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cAbd\u00fclk\u00e2hir el-C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin S\u00f6zdizimi Nazariyesi ve Tefsir Gelene\u011fine Etkisi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 doktora tezine dayanmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6574,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[25],"tags":[1787,1785,127,1791,1790,1786,278,962,374,396,1788,1789],"yoast_head":"\nDil, S\u00f6z ve Fesahat \u00dczerine - \u0130LEM Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.ilem.org.tr\/dil-soz-ve-fesahat-uzerine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dil, S\u00f6z ve Fesahat \u00dczerine - \u0130LEM Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dil S\u00f6z ve Fesahat Abd\u00fclk\u00e2hir el-C\u00fcrc\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin S\u00f6zdizimi Nazariyesi adl\u0131 eser M. Taha Boyal\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Temel ilgi alanlar\u0131 tefsir, belagat, dilbilim, dil felsefesi ve m\u00fcteahhir d\u00f6nem \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi olan yazar\u0131n bahsi ge\u00e7en alanlarda makale ve kitap \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. 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